پیوندهای مفید
اخبار و اعلانات
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 25 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 953 |
| تعداد مقالات | 7,828 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 13,063,802 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 9,241,099 |
مروری بر ارزش‌ها و شاخصه‌های بوم‌شناختی در شهرک شوشتر نو | ||
| جلوه هنر | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 12، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 26، خرداد 1399، صفحه 53-64 اصل مقاله (640.65 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22051/jjh.2019.26513.1416 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمد امیر کاکی زاده* 1؛ ندا ناصری2 | ||
| 1مربی گروه معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه خلیج‌فارس، بوشهر، ایران، نویسنده مسئول. | ||
| 2کارشناس‌ارشد معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه صنعتی جندی‌شاپور، دزفول، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| امروزه با صنعتی‌شدن شهرها و بروز معضلات و مشکلات ناشی از آن، لزوم توجه به معماری بومی با بازنگری معماری‌های گذشته، بیش از پیش، ملموس گردیده‌است. در این راه، علاوه بر بازشناسی شهرهای سنتی، که ما آن‌ها را نمونه‌های موفق شهرسازی می‌دانیم و همواره، در تلاش برای کسبِ آموزه‌های آن‌ها هستیم؛ مرور و تحلیل نمونه‌های معاصر نیز بسیار راه‌گشا است. در بین مجموعه‌های مسکونی، بررسی شهرک شوشتر نو، از آن جهت که تمرکز و نگرشی ویژه به بومگرایی و هم‌چنین، شناخت فرهنگ و زندگی مردم و تاثیر آن بر طراحی داشته است، می‌تواند در برنامه‌ریزی و طراحی مجموعه‌های مسکونی و شهرک‌های آتی، مفید واقع شود؛ بنابراین، نگارندگان در جهت پاسخ به این پرسش‌ها که، چه جنبه‌ها و شاخصه‌هایی از بومگرایی در طراحی شهرک شوشتر نو، مدنظر قرار داده شده است و چگونه این شاخصه‌ها در کالبد این شهرک، نمود پیدا کرده‌اند؟ و با هدف ارائه یک الگوی معماری مسکونیِ مطلوب و متناسب با ظرفیت‌های بومی و باهویت، به بررسی شهرک مسکونی شوشتر نو، پرداخته‌اند. در این راستا، این پژوهش با استفاده از روش توصیفی‌ـ‌تحلیلی، کتاب‌خانه‌ای‌ـ‌کاربردی و موردپژوهی، صورت پذیرفته است. درنهایت، طبق بررسی‌های صورت‌گرفته در این پژوهش، می‌توان گفت که طراحی بوم‌گرایانه در این شهرک، از طریق سه شاخصه فرهنگی، اقلیمی و توجه به زمینه طرح، نمود پیدا کرده است. هر یک از این شاخصه‌ها با به‌کارگرفتن راه‌کارهایی منجر به ایجاد بومگرایی در این شهرک مسکونی گشته‌اند و مجموعه این سه شاخصه سبب طراحی موفق بوم‌گرای شهرک شوشتر نو، گردیده است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بومگرایی؛ کامران دیبا؛ شوشتر نو؛ شهرک مسکونی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Reviewing of the Vernacular Values and Factors of Shushtar New Town | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mohammad Amir Kakizadeh1؛ N. Naseri2 | ||
| 1Lecturer, Faculty Member of Architecture, Department of Art and Architecture, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, 75169, Iran. | ||
| 2Master of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Jondi Shapour University of Technology, Dezful, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Today, because of the industrialization of cities and the problems related to it, it is necessary to pay attention to vernacular architecture by reviewing past architectures, more than before. In this way, in addition to the recognition of the traditional cities that we know them as successful urban planning samples and those which we always try to gain their teachings, reviewing and analyzing contemporary examples is also very helpful. In this research “Shushtar New Town” has been reviewed because of special focus to the vernacular architecture and recognizing the culture of peoples' lives and its impact on design, so it can be useful in planning and designing future residential complex. Therefore, this study was conducted to answer these questions: What aspects and factors of vernacular architecture are considered in the design of Shushtar New Town? The goal is to presenting an optimal residential architecture pattern that tailored to the local and identity potentials of Shushtar. In this regard the authors have investigated the “Shushtar No” residential town with using descriptive-analytic method, library-applied and case studies. The main goal of Shushtar No is the town's efforts to improve the quality of people life. Although, according to some unforeseen social events, the project of Shushtar No, have had no good result as much as it should be, but it is always considered as one of the most important examples and indicators in new towns. In the urban design of Shushtar New town, special attention has been made to the field of design. In this town, all of the factors have created harmony between the design itself and the field of design. The location of project, design and urban structure, form and shape of buildings and composition of interior spaces of houses, have been coordinated in field of design to create harmony in the appearance of the town. So it emphasizes the social life and conservation of vernacular culture of the region in the direction of social life by employing valuable historical patterns of the old Shushtar city. According to being adjacent to old Shushtar, the architectural design of Shushtar No which means new town, was sought to redefine the ideas and patterns of traditional architecture and its historical and cultural heritage; In such a way that it can be able to plan the modern life patterns to respond the needs of modern life for different groups of people. Due to the existence of the neighborhood culture and social life among the Shushtar’s people and also because of users of the town, a community (factory of plantation) formed in this town; So Kamran Diba emphasized on the approach of creating neighborhood units and social spaces in design. The important architectural points of Shushtar are the expansion of the town in the surface not in the height. This kind of architecture that refers to the vernacular architecture of this region is the result of, Diba's attitude into the neighboring unit architecture. The designing idea of this town is based on the climate and special attention to the region climate and climatic solutions that have derived from traditional Iranian architecture. According to Diba, the design of Shushtar No, follows the original patterns of traditional Iranian architecture, that its forms are derived from the climate constraints, available local technology conditions, the customs and culture of the region. Because of extreme heat of Shushtar No, one of the important factors in designing, creating the cooling and thermal comfort in the buildings for users. So the important factor in designing the buildings of Shushtar New town was to prevent the direct radiation of sun into the buildings and decrease the temperature of the interior space. Finally, according to the studies conducted to this research, it can be concluded that the vernacular design in this town has been found through three factors: cultural, climatic characteristics and attention to the field of design. Each of these factors has applied different strategies to create vernacularism in the residential town. A collection of these three factors has led to the successful design of Shushtar New Town. Unfortunately, after the operation of the Shushtar New town, due to the problems that are mentioned in the article, these factors were changed by residents and became an undesirable and inappropriate form; Thus this town has already been in a very unfair situation. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Keywords: Vernacularism, Kamran Diba, Shushtar No, Residential Town | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
اعتصام، ایرج؛ فرمهینی فراهانی، رضا و اقبالی، رحمان(۱۳۹۲). سیر تحولات فرمی در طراحی معماری بناهای فرهنگی در معماری معاصر ایران، هویت شهر، سال هفتم، شماره 14، 25-36. افشار نادری، کامران(۱۳۸۴). یادگارهای آشنای کامران دیبا، معمار، شماره 10،20- 25. بانی مسعود، امیر(۱۳۹۰). معماری معاصر ایران، ویرایش دوم، تهران: هنر و معماری قرن. بسکی، سهیلا(۱۳۷۹). دیداری دیگر با کامران دیبا، معمار، شماره ۱۰، 8- 19. کاکی‌زاده، محمدامیر(۱۳۹۳). طراحی دهکده مسکونی مهندسان بوشهر با رویکرد بومگرایی؛ در راستای بازشناسی زبان اصیل معماری بومی بوشهر، پایان‌نامه کارشناسی‌ارشد معماری، دزفول: دانشگاه صنعتی جندی‌شاپور. مؤمنی رنانی، محبوبه(۱۳۹۰). بررسی آثار کامران دیبا و نادر اردلان با تأمل بر مساله فهم اثر معماری، پایان‌نامه کارشناسی‌ارشد معماری، تهران: دانشگاه هنر. مؤمنی، کوروش؛ عطاریان، کوروش؛ دیده‌بان، محمد و وصال، مریم(1397). محرمیت در معماری خانه‌های دزفول(مطالعه موردی: دوران قاجار)، جلوه هنر، دوره 10، شماره 2(پیاپی20)، 79- 92. مؤمنی، کوروش و مسعودی، زهره(۱۳۹۵). رابطه فرهنگ و معماری(با بررسی موزه هنرهای معاصر)، جلوه هنر، دوره 8، شماره 1(پیاپی15)، ۶۷-۸۲. مؤمنی، کوروش، ناصری، ندا(۱۳۹۵). ساختمان‌های غیرفعال: بررسی گرمایش، سرمایش و نورگیری، دزفول: دانشگاه صنعتی جندی‌شاپور. هنرور، سرور(۱۳۹۲). طراحی بافت مسکونی جدید با الهام از الگوی معماری بافت تاریخی شهر بوشهر، پایان‌نامه کارشناسی‌ارشد معماری، تهران: دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران.
References:
Afshar Nadari, K. 2000. Kamran Diba Familiar Memories, Architecture Publication, No: 10. 20-25.
Aga Khan Award for Architecture. 1986. Shushtar New Town Project Summary, Edited by: The Aga Khan Award for Architecture, Geneva: Aga Khan Award for Architecture. 1-119.
Amirjani, R. & Zarghami, E. 2013. A Study on Shushtar new Town by Employing "poe" Causes of Complex Erosion & the Sustainability Factors in the "Sector Five", Research Journal of Chemical and Environmental Sciences, Vol: 1, Issue 4, pp: 44-51.
Ansari, A. M. 2001. The Myth of the White Revolution: Mohammad Reza Shah, ‘Modernization’ and the Consolidation of Power, Middle Eastern Studies, No: 37.3, pp: 1-24.
Banimasoud, A. 2009. Iranian Contemporary Architecture, (ed nd 1), Tehran: Nashr-e Honar-e Memari.
Beski, S. 2000. Kamran Diba, Revisited, Memar Magazine, Memar Nashr, Tehran, No: 10, pp: 8-19.
Diba, D. 1986. Architect’s Design Report, Aga Khan Technical Review Summary, Archnet Document, FLS 0182.
Diba, K. 1986. Shushtar New Town, Aga Khan Award for Architecture – Technical Report, 0117.IRA.
Diba, K. 1980. The Recent Housing Boom in Iran- Lessons to Remember. In Housing: Process and Physical Form. A Case Study: Design Concepts of Shushtar New Town, Linda Safran (ed), Philadelphia: Aga Khan Award for Architecture, http://www.archnet.org.
Diba, K. 1981. Kamran Diba - Buildings and Projects, Stuttgart: Verlag Gerd Hatje.
Diba, K. 1989. Shushtar New Town. In Space for Freedom, Ismaill Serageldin (ed), London: Butterworth Architecture, Philadelphia: Aga Khan Award for Architecture.
Dibazar, N. 2016. Welsh School of Architecture, Reinterprepreting Sustainable Design of Traditional Iranian cities, A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Master of Philosophy, Guided with Jones, Phil: Cardiff University.
D.A.Z. Architects, Planners and Engineers. 1980. Shushtar New Town Drawings. Courtesy of Architect (submitted to the Aga Khan Award for Architecture), Aga Khan Award for Architecture. http://www.archnet.org.
Esteghlal, A. & Bahadori, M. 2013. Shushtar Now, Honar-e Memari Magazine, No: 25.
Etessam, I., Farmahini Farahani, R. & Eghbali, R. 2013. Form Developments Process In Architectural Designing of The Cultural Buildings In Contemporary Architecture Of Iran Three Decades After The Islamic Revelotion, Hoviateshahr, Vol: 7, No: 14, pp: 25-36.
Ghaseminia, M. & Soltanzadeh, h. 2016. Intertextual Relationships in the Contemporary Architecture of Iran During 1961-1977, Space Ontology International, Vol: 5, Issue 4, pp: 39-50.
Hamzenazhad, M., Mahmoudi, M. & Abbasi, B. 2014. Ethical Sustainability in Iranian New Towns: Case Study of Shushtar New Town, Asian Social Science, Vol: 10, No: 13, pp: 252-262.
Honarvar, S. 2013. Designing a Modern Residential Complex Inspired by Architectural Standards of Boushehr Historical Part, For Master of Architecture Degree, Since and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran.
Kakizadeh, M. A. 2014. Designing Bushehr Engineers’ Residential Village: with a Vernacular Insight, in Order to Recognize Bushehr Native Architectural Language, For Master of Architecture Degree, Jondi Shapour University of Technology, Dezful.
Leach, Andrew. 2006. Choosing History: a Study of Manfreo Tufari’s Theorization of Architectural Research, Universiteit Gent.
Micara, L. & Salomone, V. 2016. Shushtar New Town: The Idea of a Community, Interview with Kamran Diba, L’ADCL’Architettura Delle Città, The Journal of the Scientific Society, Ludovico Quaroni.
Mokhtarshahi Sani, R. & Mahasti, P. 2013. An Inquiry into Cultural Continuity and Change in Housing: An Iranian Perspective, Sociology Mind, Vol: 3, No: 3, pp: 230-237.
Momeni, K., Attarian, K., Didehban. M. & Vesal, M. 2018. Privacy in Architecture of Dezful Houses (Case Study: Qajar Era), Jelve-y Honar, Vol: 10, No: 2, Serial No: 20.
Momeni, K & Masoodi, Z. 2016. The Relationship between Culture and Architecture Case Study: Tehran Museum of Contemporary Art, Jelve-y Honar, No: 15.
Momeni, K & Naseri, N. 2017. Passive Buildings: Investigation on Heating, Cooling, and Lighting, Dezful: Jundi-Shapur Univ. of Tech, (ed nd1).
Momeni Ranani, M. 2011. A Survey on the Effects of Kamran Diba and Nader Ardalan on the problem of Understanding the Effect of Architecture, Assistant professor Nadiyeh Imani, For Master of Architecture Degree, University of Art.
Mozaffari, A. & Westbrook, N. 2015. Shustar No’w: Urban Image and Fabrication of Place in an Iranian New Town, and its Relation to the International Discourse on Regionalism, Fusion-Journal,No: 6, pp: 1-15.
Serageldin, I. 1989. Space for Freedom: The Search for Architectural Excellence in Muslim Societies, London: Butterworth Architecture.
Shirazi, M. R. 2013. New Towns-Promises Towards Sustainable Urban Form, From Shushtar-No to Shahre Javan Community, Young Cities Research Paper Series (Developing Urban Energy Efficiency), Vol: 07, pp: 23-47.
Tafuri, M. 1980. Theories and History of Architecture, New York: Harper and Row.
Tavakoli Kazerooni, M., Esteqlal, A., Fallah, M. & Derakhshan, S. J. 2014. Comparative Exploration of Social Housing in Iran, MAGNT Research Report, Vol: 2, No: 7, pp: 28-49.
Westbrook, N. & Mozaffari, A. 2015. Return to the Beginnings of Regionalism: Shushtar New Town Seen in the Light of the 2nd, International Congress of Architects, Persepolis, Iran 1974, In Proceedings of the Society of Architectural Historians, Australia and New Zealand, Architecture, Institutions and Change, Paul Hogben and Judith O’Callaghan (ed), Vol: 32, pp: 715-725.
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 735 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 856 |
||