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رابطۀ بین عناصر گفتمانی در پیکره های موازی: موردپژوهیِ ترجمة شفاهی همزمان | ||
| زبان پژوهی | ||
| مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 28 مهر 1400 | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22051/jlr.2021.36750.2056 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
علی محمد محمدی 
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| هیات علمی گروه زبان و ادبیات انگلیسی ، دانشکده ادبیات و زبان های خارجی، دانشگاه اراک، اراک ، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| این مقاله با رویکردی تحلیلی-تطبیقی و با استفاده از پیکره‌های موازی به تجزیه و تحلیل ابعاد نظام طراحی روابط بین واحدهای گفتمان با استفاده از داده‌های برگرفته از متون مبدا و مقصد با تمرکز بر مقایسه و تحلیل تطبیقی عناصر زبانی در سطح کلمه و جمله در طراحی رابطه بین واحدهای گفتمان در این پیکره‌ها پرداخته‌است. پیکرة مطالعه شامل حدود 35000 هزار کلمه برگرفته از سه سخنرانی به زبان فارسی و ترجمة شفاهی همزمان آن‌ها به زبان انگلیسی بود. انتخاب پیکره‌های موازی بر اساس نمونه‌برداری تصادفی از میان پیکره‌های موازی موجود در سال ۱۳۹۹صورت گرفت. در این پژوهش، توزیع فراوانی جملات، کلمات، و گفتمان‌نماها به عنوان معیار مقایسه و بررسی نظام طراحی رابطه بین واحدهای گفتمان در این دو پیکره در نظر گرفته شد. تحلیل داده‌ها حاکی از افزایش چهارپنجم روش‌های طراحی رابطه بین واحدهای گفتمان (80%) و کاهش بخش محدود (20%) این روابط در پیکره‌های سه‌گانة متن مقصد بود. یعنی این که مترجم از اصول اول و چهارم همکاری گرایس در طراحی روابط گفتمانی استفاده کرده‌است. به دلیل استفاده از دو نظریة منظورشناسی و ترجمه‌شناسی، استنباط علمی، آموزشی، و پژوهشی محقق این است که چنین یافته‌هایی دارای اعتبار علمی بیشتری در شناخت نظام گفتمان و نظام طراحی روابط بین واحدهای گفتمان می‌باشد و کاربرد مهم علمی، آموزشی، و پژوهشی این مطالعه برداشتن قدم اولیه در کشف و معرفی اصول همکاری مترجم در فرایند ترجمة شفاهی همزمان برای طراحی گفتمانی مناسب برای مخاطب از طریق تجزیه و تحلیل ابعاد روابط بین واحدهای گفتمان است. کار | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اصول همکاری؛ ترجمه شفاهی همزمان؛ روابط واحدهای گفتمان | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| A Study of the Relationship between Discoursal Elements in Parallel Corpora: A Case Study of Simultaneous Interpretation | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ali Mohammad Mohammadi | ||
| Faculty member of English Department, Faculty of Literature and Foreign Languages, Arak University, Arak, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Statement of the problem: Simultaneous interpretation is a complex interactional process consisting of concurrent decoding and encoding in Source and target languages. From a functional linguistic perspective discourse relations include methods of establishing and maintaining coherence between units of discourse by applying different linguistic and metalinguistic elements (Halliday, 1973). These relationships include semantic and pragmatic links between units of discourse. This pragmatically oriented coherence has got four planes of frameworks including elaboration, contrast, inference, and temporal sequence. In most cases these coherence relations are substantiated by applying discourse markers in the process of simultaneous interpretation. The interpreter is simultaneously involved in decoding of information in source language and at the same time encoding of information in the target language (Chesterman, 2016; Gile, 2018). Parallel corpora are derived from two languages including source texts and their translations (Zuffery, 2017). According to Klaudy (2005) the findings based on parallel corpora have the scientific basis and support of translation universals. And the findings based on parallel corporal are more reliable than the finding of which are based on monolingual findings and the educational systems and curriculum planning which are based on such findings would result in new perspectives and areas of investigation in discourse related studies (Aijmer, 2002; Baker, 1993, Crible et al, 2019). In spite of such an important significance for educational and research environments, few studies are carried out in this area and in Iranian scientific, educational, and research environments such investigations have not been carried out and the present to study is trying to fill this gap by the analysis of different aspects of relations between units of discourse in parallel corpora in the process of simultaneous interpretation in Persian and English texts focusing on the analysis and comparative investigation of linguistic and meta-linguistic elements based on Coherence Theory (Schiffrin, 1988) and discourse marker inventory proposed by Mohammadi and Dehghan (2020). There are a lot of meta-linguistic variables such as discourse markers influencing the interpretation of text and they are also in the service of guiding the audience in discovering and analzing coherence in text (Zhao, 2014). It is therefore assumed that there might be some differences between discourse relations established in the process of simultaneous interpretation. The present article is trying to address the following questions: 1. What is the outcome of the analysis of discourse relations in parallel corpora? 2. What will be modified in the process of establishing and creating discourse relations in the process of simultaneous translation? 3. How these differences and modifications in the process of simultaneous interpretation can be justified? 3. Application of which cooperative principles might be substantiated in the process of creation of discourse relations? Methodology: This researcher tried to investigate the discourse strategies of the lecturer and the simultaneous interpreter in construction of relations between units of discourse. And theoretically the study is based on Coherence Theory in pragmatics and Translation Spotting in translation dtudies. On the basis of coherence theory, all texts possess coherence, there are different types of coherence relations in the texts, and the analysis of these different sorts of relationships is necessary in the comprehension of texts (Schiffrin, 2006; Redeker, 1999). Moreover, based on Translation Spotting, Cartoni & Zuferry (2013) believe that the study and analysis of the strategies applied for providing equivalence by the translators, is more reliable system for the analysis of discourse among languages, cultures, and discourses. And the model applied for the analysis of the relations between units of discourse in this study is designed by Mohammadi and Dehghan (2020). This model is introduced on the basis of coherence theory in the world of discourse. Based on this model, the analysis of discourse relations is substantiated through four planes of associations including elaboration, contrast, inference and temporal sequence in the process of evaluation. Raters: In order substantiate reliability and the scientific credibility for the study, two raters contributed in the analysis of the parallel corpora in the process of research. One of the raters was faculty member. Rater A studied linguistics and carried out investigations in the analysis of discourse markers. Rater B studied TEFL. He also was familiar with Literature in the area of the relationship between translation and discourse analysis. First the researcher analyzed and compared the parallel corpora in order to discover the five planes of frameworks in the process of discourse relations in target text. The raters’ responsibility was evaluation of the researcher’s exploration of the differences observed in different aspects of discourse relations in the process of simultaneous interpretation. The corpus and procedure: it consisted of 35,000 words including three lectures by Iranian leader grand Ayatollah Khamenei in 2020 and their simultaneous interpretation on Iranian TV channel called press TV. The lectures and their translations where selected randomly from the lectures given in 2020. The procedure consisted of recording simultaneous interpretation of the lectures from press TV, downloading the Persian text of these lectures from khamenei.ir, analysis of five planes of discourse relations in the parallel corporal, providing the raters with 25 per cent of the parallel data to approve the five planes of discourse relations in parallel corpora. They also provided the researcher with evaluation. Results: The results revealed that these discourse producers approached the construction of the relations between units of discourse differently. This parallel data analysis revealed both increase (80%) and decrease (20%) in the process of creating these relations. As these explorative findings are theoretically supported by Translation Universals, they are more reliable than the findings based on the analysis of monolingual texts. Moreover, the findings supported the application of the fourth principle of cooperation, that is, manner. Also, the pedagogical implications for designing comprehensive systems for the pragmatic analysis of human interactions in scientific, educational, and research environments were also discussed. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Cooperative Principles, relations between units of discourse, simultaneous interpretation | ||
| مراجع | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 47 |
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