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بررسی ترجیحات زبانی دانشجویان: مطالعۀ موردی سبک‌های عالی، حسّیهیجانی و ساده | ||
| زبان پژوهی | ||
| مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 09 آبان 1400 | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22051/jlr.2021.36241.2041 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
رضا پیش قدم 1؛ شیما ابراهیمی  2؛ زهرا جهانی3
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| 1دکتری تخصصی آموزش زبان انگلیسی، استاد آموزش زبان انگلیسی و روانشناسی تربیتی، عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد. | ||
| 2دکتری تخصصی، استادیار آموزش زبان فارسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد | ||
| 3کارشناسی ارشد آموزش زبان فارسی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد | ||
| چکیده | ||
| یکی از عوامل موفقیت در درک مطالب علمی توسط مخاطبان، میزان رعایت ملاک‌های زبان علمی و معیارهای لازم از سوی ارائه‌دهندۀ آن مطالب است. ازاین‌رو، تهیه و تدوین‌کنندگان منابع علمی باید در انتخاب سبک نگارشی و گفتاری خود نیازهای مخاطبان را مدنظر قرار دهند که از جملۀ این موارد می‌توان به نقش حواس و هیجانات اشاره کرد. در پژوهش حاضر با هدف نشان دادن اهمیت استفاده از حواس و هیجانات در سبک گفتاری مدرسان و سبک نوشتاری کتاب‌های درسی، ترجیحات زبانی دانشجویان مقاطع تحصیلی گوناگون نسبت به استفادۀ مدرس از سه سبک عالی، حسّیهیجانی و ساده با توجه به متغیرهای میزان تحصیلات، رشتۀ تحصیلی و جنسیت مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. به همین منظور از 336 نفر از دانشجویان خواسته شد به پرسشنامۀ سنجش ترجیح سبک گفتاری-نوشتاری که متشکل از 10 جمله و هر جمله بر اساس سه سبک گوناگون نوشته شده بود، پاسخ دهند. داده‌های گردآوری شده با استفاده از آزمون خی‌دو مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که دانشجویان تحصیلات تکمیلی سبک عالی را بیشتر از دانشجویان کارشناسی ترجیح می‌دهند و دانشجویان رشته‌های علوم انسانی سبک حسّی را بیشتر از سایر رشته‌ها انتخاب کرده بودند. این امر در حالی است که ترجیح سایر رشته‌ها سبک ساده بود. به لحاظ جنسیت نیز زنان بیشتر تمایل به سبک حسّیهیجانی و مردان بیشتر تمایل به سبک ساده داشتند. در مجموع، ترجیحات دانشجویان مقاطع تحصیلی بیشتر به سبک ساده و پس از آن حسّیهیجانی است و سبک عالی در کمترین بسامد انتخابی دانشجویان قرار دارد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| ترجیح زبانی؛ سبک عالی؛ سبک حسّیهیجانی؛ سبک ساده | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Examining Students’ Language Preferences: A Case Study of Sublime,, Emo-Sensory and Simple Styles | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Reza Peshghadam1؛ Shima Ebrahimi2؛ Zahra Jahani3 | ||
| 1Ph.D. in English Professor of Language Education and Professor by Courtesy of Educational Psychology. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad | ||
| 2Ph.D. Assistant Professor of Persian Language Teaching, Ferdowsi university of Mashhad | ||
| 3MA persian language tiaching ferdowsi universiry of Mashhad | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| INTRODUCTION Writing scientific, academic books and articles and lecturing on various scientific topics are among effective ways of communicating knowledge and information to audience and learners. Therefore, it is worth pointing out that researchers, scholars and teachers in various fields of research should pick out a writing or lecturing style which communicates information effectively and successfully to audience, who can easily benefit from learning new content and information. A scientific language should therefore be their priority when they make a presentation. A scientific language is plain with directs interpretations and has logical structures and order in which the words are utilized in their true meaning and it guides the audience directly to the meaning. However, some authors, researchers and speakers take advantage of a sublime and glorious style in presenting their content where they endeavor to deliver an eloquent style of speech or wring. Despite this, they should note that the primary and crucial goal of presenting scientific content is to convey it properly and explicitly to audience. As a result, teachers should give due attention to some differences, including gender, education, and field of study in their audience when choosing their presentation style. This is because each variable affects people’s preferences for learning. To give an example, the results of many studies in applied linguistics show that gender differences have a role to play in the use of language tools. Indeed, men and women differ in terms of their use of lexical items. Besides this, individuals’ level of educational and their expertise and specialization shape the way they use lexical items or grammatical structures. Therefore, if audience are trained according to their preferences in receiving and processing information, they will have academic achievements Because of the above differences in learners, the education system needs to take into account learners’ learning styles and their emotions since they are the essentials in the field of education. The reason can be attached to the fact that emotions affect not only students’ preparation and motivation to deal with problems but also their efforts, and even the strategies they use to understand the course content. In this regard, it is possible to use the emo-sensory style and engage different senses of students in the process of grasping information. Given the importance of paying attention to the differences and, consequently, the needs of the audience in selecting the writing and speaking style of authors and speakers, the present study aims to gauge language preferences of students of different gender, various levels of education and fields of study. This analysis is made by a new measure which examines sublime, emo-sensory and simple styles. The paper tries to address this question whether gender, various levels of education and fields of study have significant effects on learners’ preferences concerning sublime, emo-sensory and simple styles. METHODOLOGY To do this study, ten sentences, which contained the sublime style, were gathered from various sources. Two versions of the same sentence, which included emo-sensory and simple styles were created. Sentences with the sublime style, include rare lexical items and many literary devices. In contrast, in sentences with the emo-sensory style more than one sense is engaged. Sentences with the simple style lack any rare lexical items or markedness and do not try to address audience emotions. Using Google Forms, the sentences with the above styles were presented to participants and they were requested to show their preferences concerning their styles. Participants include 336 students of various fields of study, of whom 184 are female and 152 are male. It should be emphasized that 149 were undergraduates and the others were postgraduates. As to fields of study, 118 were students of humanities and the others were coming other fields. The students’ responses were measured according to the variables of gender, level of education and field of study using a Chi-square test. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The results showed that there is no significant difference between the use of the sublime style between the two groups of males and females, while this difference between the two groups of sublime style, and emo-sensory and simple styles was significant. Put differently, they were more inclined towards the emo-sensory style and simple style. This is an indicative of the fact that most students, both male and female, prefer the style of presentation which is not ambiguous. In contrast, the sublime style of writing and presentation is associated with less common words and structures and, at times, obsolete language, which can hamper the understanding of the content. When students are confronted with simple and emo-sensory styles, which lack complex and complicated lexical items and structures, they quickly grasp the content. They prefer one of these two styles of presentation for learning according to their learning differences and styles. The results of gender analysis show that both males and females were least likely to choose the sublime style. More specifically, the males preferred the simple style and females favored the emo-sensory style. In fact, females are more inclined to make use of their senses for understanding, when compared to males. Therefore, to make their learning more meaningful, they use various senses in comprehending the content. On the other hand, the analysis of the level of education suggests that postgraduate students favor the sublime style while undergraduate students had an opposing view. Further analysis indicates that there was no significant difference between the simple style and emo-sensory style. Additionally, the reported scores of undergraduates and postgraduates show that both groups prioritize the simple style. And, the sublime style was the least favored style for presenting information. This is because postgraduate students are equipped with a rich treasury of the language; yet, their overall preference revolves around the simple style. Finally, the total scores of each style shows that there was no significant difference between students of humanities and students of other fields of study in terms of the sublime style, while significant differences were observed between these two groups in terms of emo-sensory and simple styles. More specifically, students of humanities favored the emo-sensory style and other students had a preference for the simple style. Such a difference or preference can be ascribable to individual learning differences as students of humanities follow a divergent learning style, while students of medicine and engineering generally have convergent and assimilator styles. CONCLUSION It seems that considering the variables of gender, level and field of study, the sublime style is the least popular style, compared to the other two styles, and a large number of participants tend to follow the learning materials through the simple style or emo-sensory style. Also, female students and students of humanities have a preference for the emo-sensory style, while male students and students of other majors prefer the simple style. All in all, this conclusion can be made that simple and emo-sensory styles should be given priority over the sublime style as the former help learners better understand the learning content. It is worth mentioning that due to the Covid-19 pandemic and lockdown, it was impossible to choose sample according to their gender, level of educational or their university major. A convenience sampling technique was therefore used. Future studies are thus recommended to employ a more representative sample. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| language preference, Sublime style, emo-sensory style, simple style | ||
| مراجع | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 76 |
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