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بررسی ساخت کُنایی در لهجۀ طرقی از گویش راجی: انگارۀ صرف توزیعی | ||
| زبان پژوهی | ||
| مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 16 بهمن 1400 | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22051/jlr.2022.37783.2096 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
طیبه اسدی مفرح   1؛ مژگان اصغری طرقی2
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| 1گروه زبان شناسی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2دانش‌آموختۀ دکتری زبان و ادبیات فارسی از دانشگاه شهید بهشتی- مدرس دانشگاه | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در پژوهش حاضر، برپایۀ انگارۀ صرف توزیعی و با تمرکز بر لهجۀ طرقی از گویش راجی، اشتقاق ساخت کنایی را از دو منظر مطابقه و حالت تحلیل کرده‌ایم. بدین منظور، نخست با استفاده از استدلال‌هایی نحوی از فرضیۀ موردنظر در این پژوهش مبنی‌بر حضور فرایند مطابقه و هم‌تصریفی بین واژهبستهای ضمیری غیرفاعلی و واژهبستهای مطابقه حمایت کرده و سپس مطابقۀ چندگانه را مسئول ایجاد الگوی کنایی در ساختمان فعل‌ها و جمله‌های طرقی دانسته‌ایم. در این فرایند، هستۀ گروه زمان (T) دربردارندۀ دو دسته مشخصه باعنوان وند مطابقه و واژه‌بست مطابقه (با ویژگی مقوله‌ای Dو مشخصۀ ERG) می‌شود. اگر پس‌از محاسبۀ نظام مطابقه، الگوی حالت کنایی- مطلق تعیین شود، زنجیرۀ <v/voice + Stem> شکل می‌گیرد و درنتیجه، واژه‌بست مطابقه که به‌دلیل هم‌تصریفی با همتای واژه‌بست غیرفاعلی خود، امکان پیاده‌سازی الگوی کنایی در میزبان‌گزینی را دارد، براساس اصل بهترمشخص‌بودگی، با فرایند قلب صرفی درج واژگاهی می‌شود. برآیند قلب صرفی نیز تظاهر شکل پیش‌فرض سوم‌شخص مفرد در انتهای فعل است. از سوی دیگر، در الگوی فاعلی- مفعولی نیز وند مطابقه به‌دلیل اصل فرومشخص‌شدگی و شرط دگرجای، برندۀ رقابت درج در انتهای فعل می‌شود. واژه‌های کلیدی: ساخت کنایی، راجی، طرقی، صرف توزیعی، هم‌تصریفی | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| ساخت کنایی؛ راجی؛ طرقی؛ صرف توزیعی؛ هم‌تصریفی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| An Investigation of Ergative Construction in Targhy Accent of Rajy Dialect from Distributed Morphology Viewpoint | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Tayebeh Asadi Mofarah1؛ Mozhgan Asghary Targhy2 | ||
| 1Linguistics Department, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Graduated in Ph.D. Course of Persian Language and Literature from Shahid Beheshti University- University Instructor | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Abstract Ergative construction (EC) as a subtle characteristic of Iranian languages and dialects has massively fostered a large body of research in the literature over previous decades. In this regard, the current study focuses on the morphotactics of the verb construction and the manner through which ergative alignment is formed in Targhy accent of Rajy dialect of which description and explanation of language behavior in the area in question have been entirely overlooked from distributed morphology (DM) viewpoint. Generally speaking, EC, according to Karimi’s (2012a) generalization, in all Iranian and dialects can be classified into two categories. In the first group including North Kurdish and Baluchi, there is an agreement relation between the direct object and the T head represented by a verbal agreement (VA) at the end of the verb. In his proposal, in the EC of the second class including Central Kurdish and Larestani, which based on the current article, Traghy is of their pattern as well, however, there is no agreement in that oblique pronominal clitics (PCLs), which enter as a big DP form in the syntactic derivation, function as interveners, blocking any conceivable agreement between T head and a direct object altogether. Plus, there exists a complementary distribution between VAs and oblique PCLs, Karimi (ibid) says. He asserts, without any agreement relation with T, oblique PCLs just double φ-features of the subject, and the PCLs function as a repair strategy in response to the loss of oblique (here ERG) case marker, whereas EC still exists dynamically. Nonetheless, this article, based on both empirical and theoretical evidence, argues that contra to Karimi’s (2012a) generalization it seems fair to suggest at least in EC of Targhy, which in turn bears the pattern of the second category, there is a genuinely fullfledged agreement in place, while agreement exponents, be it VAs or agreement clitics (ACLs) have no complementary distribution with their oblique PCL counterparts whatsoever. To meet the above-mentioned challenges, this study whose materials have been collected through the field and library method considers two fundamental questions: (i) How to analyze the morphotactics of agreement exponents in Targhy? (ii) How to explain the ergative pattern in Targhy from both agreement and case system? To approach the questions, utilizing DM framework, the following hypotheses will be recruited: (i) Targhy demonstrates split alignment, meaning that, due to Multiple agreement, T head undergoes a two-step agreement, i.e, agree-link and agree-copy, triggering NOM-ACC alignment which is represented as VA at the end of the verb. On the other hand, the existing incomplete agreement between a direct object and T head namely agree-link stage in syntax not agree-copy in post-syntax, feeds ERG-ABS pattern manifested as ACL. This agreement exponent, in turn, is of syncretism with its oblique PCL counterpart. The ACL formed in virtue of ERG alignment, hence, is capable to demonstrate ERG pattern in both choosing hosts and showing oblique (here ERG) case in response to the loss of oblique case marker. Moreover, both VAs and ACLs are inserted due to more specification, underspecification, and elsewhere condition rules in the vocabulary insertion step. The hybrid behavior under discussion suggests that Targhy seems to be placed along a continuum ranging from NOM-ACC to ERG-ABS. (ii) A simultaneous, two-step agreement model namely agree-link and agree-copy, the underlying nature of the stem, and metathesis (morphological scrambling) are responsible for both agreement and case system in Targhy. Keeping these in mind, the present research organizes as follows: Having reviewed the related literature, in section three, we will outline the theoretical framework of the study (DM), followed by the feature geometry of clitics and personal pronouns. In section four, which itself is classified into two subsections, some empirically and theoretically syntactic arguments are recruited as diagnostic tests including the lack of complementary distribution between ACL/VA and PCL, obligatoriness of the existence of ACLs (Baker,1988 & Moghadam,2016), and subject-object asymmetry interpretation (Sato & Karimi, 2016), to support this article’s hypothesis that suggests there exists agreement operation in virtue of which syncretism phenomenon is formed between PCLs and ACLs in Targhy. The results of the study altogether are as follows. With regard to modular locus of case and agreement, we will posit that the computation of these two operations in question seems to be initiated in syntax proper and then, under post-syntactic operations, is finished in the post-syntax domain as proposed by Arregi and Nevins (2012). Secondly, based on their proposal, the number of findings in Targhy suggests the more we close to the externalization stage and spell-out domain in post-syntax proper, the more language, dialect, or sub-dialect/accent-specific variations are expected to take place. To that end, it still remains to find whether the analysis proposed here holds in much of the rest of the languages or dialects whose category has parity with Targhy. Keywords: Ergative construction, Rajy, Targhy, Distributed morphology, Syncretism | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Ergative monstruction, Rajy, Targhy, Distributed morphology, Syncretism | ||
| مراجع | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 26 |
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